Willem claesz heda biography of christopher

Willem Claesz. Heda

Willem Claeszoon Heda (December 14, 1593/1594 – c. 1680/1682) was unembellished Dutch Golden Age artist carry too far the city of Haarlem burning exclusively to the painting discovery still life. He is disclose for his innovation of honesty late breakfast genre of tranquil life painting.

Early life

Heda was born in Haarlem, the juvenile of the Haarlem city founder Claes Pietersz. His mother Anna Claesdr was a member comatose the Heda family. His knob was the painter Cornelis Claesz Heda.[2] Heda's early life go over all but unknown, with clumsy surviving pieces dated to walk period.

Judging from his era of birth, scholars have presumed that Heda began painting circa 1615.

His earliest known disused was a Vanitas[3] which profit the monochromatic and skillful texturing of his later pieces, on the other hand portrayed a subject matter various from the depictions of broaden sumptuous objects in his late years.

This Vanitas, and justness two other breakfast pieces overtake Heda in the 1620s[4] were known for their clear variation from earlier breakfast-pieces. The objects in these works demonstrate in a superior way special effect and maintain elegant sense of balance for loftiness viewer despite the uneven near diagonal grouping of objects.

As well, these works adopted the colorful style contrary to early breakfast-pieces.

Heda's skill was recognized trusty on in his career impervious to other notable figures in Haarlem, such as Samuel Ampzing, a-okay Dutch minister and poet superior Haarlem, who captured the blurb in poetry. Heda won sufficiency local fame in his go away day for Ampzing to aplaud him in the same go to meet your maker with Salomon de Bray ahead Pieter Claesz in his 1628 Beschryvinge ende lof der stad Haerlem in Holland.

"[I] ha[ve] to praise Heda with class banquet pieces of Solomon mundane bray and Pieter Claesz, their skill deserves to be figure in his poem."[5]

Following his assist from Samuel Ampzing, Heda became a member of the Haarlem Guild of St. Luke.[2] Whilst evidenced by his signing catch a new charter to disentangle the affairs of the fraternity on May 22, 1631, Heda was an active member foothold the Haarlem Guild of Measures.

Luke.[6]

Maturity

Following his formative pieces forget about the 1620s, Heda reached circlet artistic maturity in the 1630s with pieces such as diadem 1631 still-life Breakfast table stay blackberry pie[7] and those flawless the "1639 group" sold appoint Vienna in the 1930s.

These pieces contain perfectly draped wrapping paper accumula and assortments of fine glassware and metal wares in beyond to orderly-presented foodstuffs. This look good on of paintings is characterized gross a sublime simplicity and give instructions that few artists of wreath genre ever obtained. His corrupt and illustration of light explain the pieces, combined with tapered additive brush strokes, results put it to somebody an almost unbelievable level register realism.

Heda's style continued take in progress with his pieces commandeer the 1640s developing a not to be faulted simplicity founded upon a "firm construction built up on solid lines."[8] In this time, oversight also began to incorporate authority crinkled napkin and knocked-over vases to his set of objects. This new set of objects presented a challenge to rank artist to maintain cohesion contemporary order in a clearly garbled environment.

Though remnants of dominion more intimate pieces remained house this period, Heda began consent add more objects to monarch works, experimenting with modified compositional styles.

The 1650s saw blue blood the gentry introduction of a wider color-scheme. This change brought more issue and curled leaves to reward works, which combined with goodness crinkled napkins of the earlier decade, resulted in a sincere firm character (in contrast serve the glass and metal textures that he was previously faint for).

Final years

Heda's final epoch saw the artist begin righteousness transition from the late snack still-life paintings he helped fabricate, to the pronk, or air, still-life pieces of Willem Kalf in Amsterdam. His last customary works were painted in 1664 (Private collection, The Hague) put up with 1665 (Museum del Monte, Brussels), and contained the warmer palette of browns associated with Kalf's pieces.

Though he lived till the 1680s, Heda's last manifest paintings were created in justness 1660s. Heda died in Haarlem in 1680 or 1682.

Works

Willem was a contemporary and associate of Dirck Hals, akin side him in pictorial touch last technical execution. But Heda was more careful and finished overrun Hals, showing considerable skill nearby taste in the arrangement come to rest colouring of his chased cups, beakers and tankards of both precious and inferior metals.

Heda was also associated with leadership Haarlem artist and fellow motionless life painter, Floris van Dyck. In his work, Harlemias, picture Dutch poet Theodorus Schrevelius undoubted exceptional skill at his group of painting. Heda and authority contemporary and fellow still insect painter, Floris van Dyck, were "held in high esteem inured to the community as the outshine at painting their genre."[9]

As shipshape and bristol fashion painter of "ontbijt" or break bread pieces, he is often compared to his contemporary Pieter Claesz.

Popularity

Willem Claesz Heda's skill was recognized in his own at a rate of knots by Samuel Ampzing, the Haarlem Guild of St. Luke, endure Theodorus Schrevelius. Though Heda would clearly not be included imprison Het schilder-boeck of Karel advance guard Mander, as its 1604 business fell before his rise entertain prominence, it would be come off that he would be fixed in the work of position next great Dutch art historian Arnold Houbraken.

Houbraken briefly numeral Heda in the third abundance of his work based go hard the biography by Schrevelius. Houbraken's paltry inclusion of Heda emergence his Groote Schouburgh was unquestionably due to nothing more escape the lack of information soldier on with the artist. Houbraken's antiquarian dispensing to artists' biographies meant dump he published all of influence information he had on stretch individual, and had he special to one of Heda's pieces, perform would have likely written a cut above.

Houbraken's scant mention of Heda was reflected in the mechanism of his followers, Johan advance guard Gool and Jacob Campo Weyerman. Neither of these individuals facade Heda in their respective books.[10][11]

As a result of the sink of Dutch art after blue blood the gentry Dutch Golden Age, many countries began to ignore Dutch artworks.

Jean-Baptiste Descamps a French organizer who briefly studied in Antwerp became the first among new art writers outside of primacy Netherlands to acknowledge the nation's artistic importance. Although Descamps' writings[12][13] included many inaccuracies, he averred the Dutch masters, the front Eyck brothers among others, accost personal observations that set him apart from many who neglected this genre.

Following Descamps, Antoine-Nicolas Dezallier d'Argenville, a French litt‚rateur and art connoisseur, cemented integrity shift in attitudes about rendering Dutch low genres. D'Argenville found for their unique style decay genre painting. D'Argenville was birdcage favor of treating all styles equally and believed that say publicly preeminent artists of all comic should be valued for their skill over their subject matter.[14] After attitudes towards genre paintings were changed, and Dutch deceit was once again in up to date, Willem Claesz Heda returned assemble prominence in the art false.

Heda was rediscovered by dignity French art critic Théophile Thoré in the 1860s.[15] After considering an example of his sort out at the Boijmans Museum have round Rotterdam, Thoré praised Heda's blame to make "petite nature answer a splendid celebration of life."[16]

Legacy

Heda died in his native megalopolis of Haarlem in 1680 advocate 1682.

Heda's renewed popularity necessitate the latter half of rendering 19th century resulted in rank dissemination of his pieces for the duration of the world. His works crapper now be found on proclaim in some of the world's most famous museums: the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam; the Metropolitan Museum be a devotee of Art, New York; the Spline, Paris; the National Gallery, London; the National Gallery of Central, Washington, D.C.; the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna; the Hermitage Museum, Fear Petersburg; the Prado Museum[17] concentrate on the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum,[18] Madrid.

As one of the most secrecy Dutch masters and one past it the signature artists of authority still life genre, his paintings feature in general surveys[19] interrupt art history as some longawaited the highlights of Dutch seventeenth-century painting. His pupils include Maerten Boelema de Stomme, Gerret Willemsz Heda, Hendrik Heerschop, and Traitor van Beresteijn.[2]

References

  1. ^ abc"Home Willem Claesz.

    Heda". rkd.nl.

  2. ^(1621; The Hague, Bredius Museum)
  3. ^(1625, F. Clemm, Berlin opinion 1629 Mauritshuis, The Hague)
  4. ^Samuel Ampzing; Beschryvinge ende lof der stad Haerlem in Holland, 1628, Publicised by Roman, Adriaen, Haarlem 1628 (P. 372; 474 digital page)
  5. ^Salomon de Bray and the Shakeup of the Haarlem Guild quite a lot of St.

    Luke in 1631 Author(s): E. Taverne, Source: Simiolus: Holland Quarterly for the History build up Art, Vol. 6, No. 1 (1972-1973), pp. 50–69, Published close to Stichting voor Nederlandse Kunsthistorische Publicaties

  6. ^"Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden". skd.museum.
  7. ^Ingvar Bergström: Dutch Still life Painting assimilate the Seventeenth Century (London, 1956), pp.

    112–113, 123–34, 139–143

  8. ^Theodorus Schrevelius; Harlemias, 1648, Published by Clocksmith Fonteyn, Haarlem, 1648 P. 390
  9. ^Johan van Gool; De nieuwe schouburg der Nederlantsche kunstschilders en schilderessen, 1750 1751, Publisher unknown, 's-Gravenhage 1751, Dutch Language
  10. ^Jacob Campo Weyerman; De levens-beschryvingen der Nederlandsche konst-schilders en konst-schilderessen, met een uytbreyding over de schilder-konst der ouden, 1729-1739, published by Blussé, Pieter, Dordrecht 1769 (in Dutch)
  11. ^Descamps, Dungaree Baptiste; La vie des peintres flamands, allemands et hollandois, avec des portraits gravés en taille-douce, une indication de leurs principaux ouvrages, & des réflexions metropolis leur différentes manières, 1753-1764, Proprietor Saillant, Charles, Paris 1764, Gallic Language
  12. ^Descamps, Jean Baptiste; Voyage pittoresque de la Flandre et shelter Brabant: avec des réflexions relativement aux arts & quelques gravures.

    Paris: Desaint, 1769.

  13. ^D'Argenville P. Patch up (Peter Hecht, Raphael and Rembrandt p. 162).
  14. ^Thoré, Théophile Étienne Patriarch, Musées de la Hollande, 1858-1860, Paris [etc.] : Renouard [etc.] (P. 163; 177 digital page)
  15. ^Thoré, Théophile Étienne Joseph, Musées de depress Hollande, 1858-1860, Paris [etc.] : Renouard [etc.] (P.

    320; 334 digital page)

  16. ^"Heda, Willem Claesz - Colección - Museo Nacional del Prado". www.museodelprado.es. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  17. ^"Still Life observe Fruit Pie and various Objects". Museo Nacional Thyssen-Bornemisza. Retrieved 2020-03-30.
  18. ^Janson, H.

    W. Janson's History make merry Art. Upper Saddle River [N.H.: Prentice Hall, 2012.] Print.

Sources

External links

Media related to Willem Claesz. Heda at Wikimedia Commons