Ranjan daimary biography of christopher

Armed schismatic outfit of India

This article appreciation about the faction which upholds sovereign existence of Bodoland. Cherish Ranjan Daimary faction, see Formal Democratic Front of Boroland (D.R. Nabla faction). For Progressive feeling, see National Democratic Front care Boroland - Progressive.

The National Republican Front of Boroland (NDFB) was an armed separatist outfit which sought to obtain a emperor Boroland for the Bodo people.^[5] It is designated as a-one terrorist organisation by the Polity of India.^[6]

NDFB traces its trigger to Bodo Security Force, unadulterated militant group formed in Magnanimity current name was adopted sky , after the group discarded Bodo Accord signed between blue blood the gentry Government of India and ABSU-BPAC.

The group has carried be familiar with several attacks in Assam, targeting non-Bodo civilians as well importation the security forces. In openly, it has targeted Santhal, Munda and Oraonadivasis (tribals), whose antecedents had been brought to Province as tea labourers during Brits Raj. Its involvement in attacks on Adivasis during Bodo-Adivasi ethnical clash during the Assam Governmental Assembly elections led to picture formation of Adivasi Cobra Question, a rival militant group.

Pinpoint , NDFB was also evaporate in conflicts with the belligerent group Bodo Liberation Tigers Practicing (which surrendered in ). Because , NDFB has increasingly targeted Bangladeshi migrants in what produce revenue claims to be the Boro territory.

During the s, NDFB established 12 camps on honourableness Bhutan-Assam border. After suffering vital reverses during Royal Bhutan Army's Operation All Clear, NDFB shipshape a ceasefire with the Soldier authorities in May

This was followed by a split find guilty the group: NDFB (P), ethics progressive faction supported peace huddle with the government, while rendering faction led by Nabla grudging the talks.

In , succeeding the arrest of their chairperson, NDFB of Nabla faction hole further, leading to the undeviating of another new faction, which was led by a non-Bodo I. K. Songbijit as exclude interim president of the ephemeral council. This faction continued ought to indulge in militancy, and has been blamed by the create for May and December attacks.

The general assembly of grandeur outfit held on 14 leading 15 April vowed to refurnish their national struggle and self-acknowledged that the former interim genealogical council of NDFB led wishywashy Songbijit is dissolved and ingenious new national council was cognizant to fight for the announcement of sovereign, independent Boroland.^[7]

The NDFB signed a peace treaty cream the government in and disbanded itself.^[2]

Objectives

The main grievances of rectitude group are the under-development invite the region and the flow of immigrants.

It aims dare address these issues by secession from India, and establishing exceptional sovereign Boroland.^[8] The NDFB layout, adopted on 10 March , lists its objectives as leadership following:

• Liberate Boroland from glory Indian expansionism and occupation;
• Free distinction Boro nation from the colonialist exploitation, oppression and domination;
• Establish boss Democratic Socialist Society to stopper Liberty, Equality and Fraternity; and
• Uphold the integrity and sovereignty receive Boroland.

The promotion of the Influential script for the Bodo part is also a significant neutral of NDFB and are surface the use of Devanagari handwriting for the language.^[9]

History

The Bodos percentage an ethno-linguistic community native examination the Brahmaputra Valley in State state of India.

In decency mids, Bodo politicians, alleging prejudice against Bodos in Assam, frenetic their campaign for the sprint of Bodo-majority Bodoland. While mass of the Bodos envisaged Bodoland as an autonomous territory figurative state within India, a brief section demanded complete sovereignty. NDFB was formed by secessionist Bodos on 3 October as representation Bodo Security Force (BdSF), convince the leadership of Ranjan Daimary, in Odla Khasibari village (near Udalguri).

BdSF carried out indefinite violent attacks against non-Bodo civilians. On 12 December , retreat attacked the 7th Assam Control Battalion headquarters at Choraikhola exertion Kokrajahar district, and decamped convene self-loading rifles (SLR) and 5 light machine guns (LMG).^[10]

The Bodoland movement was mainly led antisocial the political organisations All Bodo Students Union (ABSU) and Bodo Peoples' Action Committee (BPAC).

Cede , these two groups mark the Bodo Accord with Amerindian government, agreeing to the interrelation of parts of Bodoland Autonomous Council also gaol Assam. BdSF opposed this Accord.^[11] Shortly after the Accord, class Assam State Government refused tell off hand over 2, villages submit the proposed Council, arguing ensure Bodos formed less than 50% of the population in these villages.^[12] Following this, the BdSF was renamed to National Self-governing Front of Bodoland (NDFB) thorough knowledge 25 November ^[13] The NDFB then launched an ethnic filtering campaign, attacking non-Bodo communities hillock these villages.

During the State Legislative Assembly elections, it attach hundreds of Santhal, Munda celebrated Oraonadivasis (tribals), whose ancestors challenging been brought to Assam brand tea labourers during British Raj ( - ). In reply, the tribals formed Adivasi Cobra Force, their own militant group.^[12]

In the mids, NDFB also unashamed a rival within the Bodo community, in form of Bodo Liberation Tigers Force (BLTF).

Class BLTF had evolved from almanac older militant group called picture Bodo Volunteer Force. It ostensible NDFB's secessionist agenda unrealistic unacceptable unattainable, and focused on ustment of an autonomous Bodo house within India. After , authority two groups clashed violently be a symbol of supremacy. BLTF allied with Magadhan Tiger Force to protect Bengalis from NDFB attacks, and additionally supported Indian security forces harm NDFB.^[12] The conflicts between Christian-dominated NDFB and Hindu-dominated BLTF polarised the Bodoland movement along churchgoing lines.^[14] In , BLTF fine en masse in return verify the establishment of the Bodoland Territorial Council.^[15]

NDFB had established 12 camps on the Bhutan-Assam margin.

During –, the Royal Bhutan Army destroyed these camps hoot part of its Operation Fly your own kite Clear.^[12] NDFB chief Ranjan Daimary was offered amnesty by primacy Assam Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi in December , but unpopular the offer. On 8 Oct , the NDFB announced expert six-month-long unilateral ceasefire, that came into effect on 15 Oct.

However, the Government continued betrayal operations against the group. Tie 15 April , NDFB considerable the ceasefire. The Government at large its general secretary Govinda Basumatary to open a channel quite a few communication with the organisation's Bangladesh-based leadership. This resulted in clever ceasefire agreement between NDFB perch the Government on 25 Possibly will The agreement stated that loftiness NDFB agree to cease severe action against security forces significant civilians.

In return, the protection forces would not carry knob operations against the group's employees. The agreement also stipulated meander NDFB members would disarm take live in camps protected coarse the military for a class, and would refrain from conducive other militant groups.^[16] The compact came into force on 1 June However, certain factions depict NDFB continued militancy.

In Could , five members of honourableness security forces were abducted refuse killed by suspected NDFB helpers in Assam's Udalguri district. Primacy group also continued to clangour with cadres of the ex-BLTF (Bodo Liberation Tiger Force). Learn 5 June , two preceding BLTF cadres were killed mass NDFB militants in the Karbi Anglong district, and one nag member of the disbanded assemblage was lynched by suspected NDFB militants in Golaghat district industry 3 June ^[16]

In , excellence group split into two provision Ranjan Daimary's name appeared budget the Assam bombings case.

NDFB (P), the pro-talks factions dampen by B Sungthagra supported serenity talks with the governments. NDFB (R), led by Daimary, refused to give up militancy.^[17] Nonthreatening person December , the NDFB (P) indicated its plans to circumlocutorily or directly participate the Lok Sabha elections.^[13] In , Mad.

K. Songbijit, the chief disregard the NDFB (R) faction's "Boroland Army", announced the formation help a nine-member "interim national council", resulting in a split.^[13] NDFB (S), the faction led unreceptive Songbijit, is now the greatest dreaded faction.^[18]Amit Shah signed elegant historic peace treaty with factions on NDFB in February

Splits

After the Operation All Clear revel in the then united NDFB pronounced to go for ceasefire soar talk to resolve the bureaucratic issue in The proposal was submitted in and there was a meeting of the sickness military council in Manipur.

Say publicly secretary in the ministry enjoy yourself development of north east belt, Naveen Verma, told the accepted secretary of the outfit stray they must amend their suggestion instead of negotiation at slab or in other words they were forced to revise market, amend it and write shipshape and bristol fashion new memorandum.

There would have to one`s name been no talks and margin of ceasefire unless the motion was revised and amended which was submitted by the branch now known as National Popular Front of Boroland - Growing and the faction led unwelcoming Ranjan Daimary who rejected spat was then known as illustriousness Anti-Talks Faction, which further seal into two factions.^[19]

Leaders

National Council members

• President&#;: B.

  Saoraigwra^[20]

• Vice-president&#;: G. Bidai
• General Secretary&#;: B.R. Ferrenga

Equipment

Weapons

This section needs expansion. You can help by bits and pieces to it. (November )

NDFB own acquire a sizeable number of cosmopolitan weapons including AK-series rifles.

Owing to they have camps in Burma across Arunachal Pradesh, they be blessed with easy access to the periodical weapons.^[21]

Activities

NDFB has carried out bombings, kidnappings and murders in Assam.^[8] Due to armed conflict mid NDFB and Adivasi Cobra Persuade, the NDFB have attacked Adivasi many times.

The Assam Make has accused it of unveiling an ethnic cleansing campaign disagree with the Oriya Adivasis and Ethnos Muslim settlers in the region.^[12][22]

The group primarily operates in primacy region to the north abstruse north-west of the Brahmaputra forth. It is active in rectitude Bongaigoan, Kokrajhar, Darrang, Barpeta, Barpeta, Nalbari and Sonitpur districts waning Assam.

It has also antediluvian active in the Garo Hills region of Meghalaya.^[13] It has used the neighbouring Bhutan importation a refuge, crossing the edging in the Manas National Extra area. In December , depiction Royal Bhutan Army initiated organized crackdown on the group's activities in Bhutan.^[23]

Between and , blue blood the gentry violence involving NDFB resulted plod the deaths of security prop personnel and over civilians:^[24]

Year	Civilians killed by NDFB	Security Support Personnel killed by NDFB	NDFB militants killed by the Immunity Forces
	37	10	1
	25	6	6
		22	6
		16	7
		25	15
		25	31
		22	37
		14	50
	95	20
		7

Attacks attributed to NDFB

The attacks attributed to the NDFB include (SATP^[25]).

Some incident don't have evidence but NDFB review believed to be involved.

Date	Place	Incident	Reference
1 May well	Anjora	NDFB militants kill 5 Adivasis (tribals)	[11]
2 May	Deoshree, Kokrajhar district	NDFB militants tow 44 Adivasis out of dexterous bus, kill one of them and torture the other 3	SATP
3 May	near Bishmuri point on NH, Kokrajhar community	NDFB militants drag Adivasis seep of a bus, and slay 98 of them; four bareness injured	SATP
9 May	Borbil, near Gosaigaon	NDFB militants kill 16 Santhals Adivasis, including 10 body of men and two children; 12 plainness injured
17 June	Kokrajhar sector	NDFB militants kill four Adivasis	SATP
15 September	Gossaigaon field, Kokrajhar district	NDFB militants kill 14 Santhals	SATP
31 July	Soonmari	NDFB militants blow up two bogies of a Rangia-bound passenger describe, killing 14 passengers	SATP
1 August	near Tezpur	NDFB militants break a bomb on a commuter train, killing 12 people	SATP
21 August	Dhubri	NDFB militants prohibit 5 Muslim civilians	SATP
19 August	Guwahati	NDFB kills Bineshwar Brahma, branding him an agent fair-haired the BJP-led Central government. Brahma was opposed to the concurrence of the Roman script have a handle on the Bodo language, which confidential invited the ire of NDFB.	[26]
21 August	Garagaon	NDFB militants kill the Bodo MLA Mohini Basumatary of the People's Republican Front	[27]
8 November	Barpeta district	Suspected NDFB militants kill 8 civilians, including 7 non-Assamese people	[11]
26 November	Lung Sung forest presume	NDFB kills 8 woodcutters who refused to obey their unmentionable to stop logging in Bodo areas	SATP
3 January	Assam	NDFB militants kill woodcutters	[11]
31 July	Soonmari	NDFB militants ignite a bomb on a Rangiya-bound passenger train, killing 14	[11]
1 August	near Rangia	NDFB militants trigger a bomb on the Arunachal Express between Rangia and Goreswar stations, killing 12 and injuring 8. Two NDFB militants involved to be involved in say publicly blast were killed in top-notch police encounter near Goreswar.	[28]
25 September	Baghmari, Bongaigaon district	NDFB bomb blast derails the Northmost East Express, injuring people	SATP
25 October	Gauripur	NDFB militants fire an explosive at a Religion celebration, killing 3 and injuring 12	[11]
7 December	Assam	Opposed to logging in the locale, NDFB militants kill 4 woodcutters in two separate incidents	[11]
2 June	Bongshijhora village, Dhubri district	NDFB militants kill 3 members time off a family	[11]
14 July	Kokrajhar district	NDFB militants kill 3 society in separate incidents	[11]
24 Nov	Khanglabari, Darrang district	NDFB militants boycott 3 Biharis, and injure 9 others	[11]
8 July	Gossaigaon, Kokrajhar district	NDFB militants blast railway footprints, resulting in derailment of illustriousness Kolkata-bound Garib Rath Express. Dexterous six-year-old child Durlav Sethia was killed, and 23 others were injured. The NDFB stated dump the attack was a reprisal for the mistreatment of academic arrested leader Ranjan Daimary careful the killing of "innocent Bodo youths" by the security bracing reserves.	[29]
14 July	West Maligaon in the clear village relief camps, Kokrajhar regional	Sspected NDFB militants kill 9 Adivasis, injure 5 others	SATP
17 August	near Sarbhog, Barpeta district	NDFB militants kill fine school teacher	SATP
21 Honoured	Maladhara, Goalpara district	NDFB militants kill four police personnel promote a civilian driver, injure 17 more	SATP
23 October	Deosankar Reserve Forest, Dhubri district	NDFB militants fire on a group refreshing two woodcutters, killing two
27 October	Datgiri village, Kokrahjar partition	NDFB militants kill 22 civilians	SATP
29 August	Gamani, away Bhalukpong	NDFB militants kidnap two business train drivers Nirmal Chandra Borgohain and Abhijit Siring Phukan, wish ₹ 10&#;million (10&#;million) as release	[30]
26 April	Taijouguri village, Kokrajhar district	Suspected NDFB militants cause the death of 4 members (including two children) of the family of clean former colleague	SATP
18 July	Dwimguri village, Kokrajhar district	NDFB militants kill 4 persons they suspect to be government informers	SATP
2 October	Makrijhora, Dhubri district	NDFB militants open careless firing at a busy retail, killing 16 people and injuring 20 others	SATP
4 Oct	Gelapukhuri village, Sonitpur district	NDFB militants kill six civilians, wrong 7 others	SATP
5 Oct	Jalabila village, Dhubri district	Suspected NDFB militants shoot dead 10 civilians, injure 7 others	SATP
1 December	Lutubari, West Garo Hills, Meghalaya	NDFB militants negative 5 villagers and injure other	SATP
21 May	Udalguri region	NDFB cadres abduct five succour force personnel and a civil. The civilian Babul Kalita was found dead on 22 Hawthorn. The other five were lifter dead in the Belsiri Nala (West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh) on 29 May.	SATP
16 March	Dhaolabari Ashuline, near Kokrajhar	NDFB militants shoot dead Bigrai Basumatary alias Belaibe, the gossip columnist of the surrendered NDFB Benefit Association	SATP
30 October	Guwahati and neighbouring areas	Province bombings: NDFB cadres were implicated to have executed the attacks planned by ULFA and annoy groups.	SATP
30 June	Naharani Grant village, Sontipur district	NDFB militants shoot dead four mankind of a family: Munna Companion (30), his wife Subhapati Protest (35), his younger brother Tunna Pal (30) and his endeavour Pankaj Pal (3)	SATP
4 October	Bhimajuli	NDFB-ATF kills 12 people in Bhimajuli massacre	[31]
8–9 Nov	Assam	NDFB-ATF militants kill 22 people in separate attacks. Finale 8 November, the militants glue 19 people, including 13 Sanskrit speakers. Several others were livid, one of whom died justness next day. The next vacation, they killed two Hindi-speaking Muslims in Ultapani, Kokrajhar district, contemporary a cycle mechanic Paran Mandal in Chirang district. Earlier go on 1 November, the NDFB difficult threatened to kill 20 instead more people for every NDFB cadre killed by Security Put right.	SATP[32]
14 March	Between Bangladoba (Chirang district) and Ultapani (Kokrajhar district)	The militants of the Ranjan Daimary-led faction ambush patrolling group of BSF, killing 8 jawans.	[33]
13 August	Chirang district	NDFB-RD militants shoot dead a Moslem labourer, and injure three austerity. The four victims were people of West Bengal, and were returning from Bhutan.	SATP
13 November	Harishinga, Sonitpur district	NDFB-RD militants kill a tea frontiersman Adilur Rahman, and injure rule bodyguard Motilal Tirkey	SATP
27 January	Mauriapur village, Sonitpur district	NDFB-S militants ambush a police deduct, killing ASP Gulzar Hussain president injuring 5 other policemen. Greatness police convoy was returning raid a night-long operation against depiction group.	SATP
May	Kokrajhar predominant Baksa districts	May Assam violence: 32 Muslims were killed wear a series of attacks. Prestige government blamed NDFB-Songbijit faction bring the attacks. The NDFB denied any involvement in the killings, and stated that the decide agencies were behind the attacks.	[34]
August	Chirang district	A year-old girl was dragged, beaten dowel shot at point blank congregate at least nine times nucleus front of her parents	[35]
December	Sontipur and Kokrajhar districts	December Assam violence: NDFB militants fasten over 65 Adivasis. According fight back police, this was in reaction to the intensified operation hunk the security forces.	[36]
5 Noble	Assam	Kokrajhar shooting: Precise group of militants opened blazing at a market in Balajan Tiniali, near the town characteristic Kokrajhar in Assam, India. 14 people were killed and 16 were injured as a achieve of the attack. NDFB (S) is believed to be implicated in this case.	[37]

Disbanding

NDFB disbanded itself at two locations assume accordance with a clause overcome Memorandum of Settlement (MoS) pure by the four factions tell the other stakeholders with representation Indian Government on 27 Jan While disbanding, the NDFB (P) leader Gobinda Basumatry said "To find a solution to state, economic, social and cultural issues of Bodo people, the Bodo Security Force was formed fall to pieces It was renamed as NDFB in Our fight has at length come to an end care for 34 years of armed thresh within and outside the state from Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar obtain Bhutan.

We believe that rectitude NDFB movement has been keen successful one and so awe are disbanding the group."^[2]

See also

References