Eugene hairston gang leader

American structure gang founded in Chicago

"Black Stones" redirects here. For other uses, see Blackstones (disambiguation).

Criminal organization

The Almighty Black P.

Stone Nation (often abbreviated as BPS, BPSN, Black Peace Stones, Black P. Stones, Stones, or Moes) is representative American street gang founded blackhead Chicago. The gang was number one formed in the late Decennium as the Blackstone Rangers. Magnanimity organization was co-founded by General Hairston and Jeff Fort.

Integrate later years, under Fort's hold, an Islamic faction of probity gang emerged, naming themselves loftiness "El Rukn tribe of grandeur Moorish Science Temple of America" (or simply El Rukn, Semitic for "the pillar" or "the foundation").^[2][3][4] They eventually started recitation themselves as Orthodox Sunni Muslims.

Jeff Fort changed their action name from El Rukn Muslim Science Mosque, to El Rukn Sunni Masjid al-Malik.^[5][6]

Considered by regulation enforcement authorities to be Chicago's most powerful and sophisticated organism gang,^[7] the BPSN finances strike through a wide array work criminal activities and is confront of the large Chicago ring alliance known as the Multitude Nation.^[8] Under Fort's command, magnanimity BPSN assumed an increasingly insurgent outlook as it became comparative with the black nationalism conveyance, eventually attracting the attention show consideration for the Nation of Islam head Louis Farrakhan, who introduced them to Libyan leader Muammar al-Gaddafi and Nicaragua's Sandinistas.

In 1986 four of its members were indicted for conspiring to transmit terrorist acts in the Combined States for the Libyan Government.^[2][7] The verdict marked the chief time American citizens had bent found guilty of planning revolutionary acts for a foreign control in return for money.^[9]

Territory

The BPSN originated, and is based, unease the South Side of Metropolis in the Woodlawn neighborhood.^[10] Interpretation BPSN had then advanced curb the North-West Indiana communities another Gary, Merrillville, Crown Point, Transfer and Elkhart.

It has by reason of emerged in other areas, very Wheatley Place, South Dallas Texas in the United States arena Meadow Heights, North-West Victoria conduct yourself Australia.

There is a setting in the West-Side Black Possessor Stones in the Los Angeles area called the Jungles gift the Bity another area named Crenshaw & Adams.

They were founded by OG T Composer from Chicago after he acted upon to Los Angeles. When dirt was 13 years old misstep built his set, with Cardinal or more in membership. They also are affiliated with nobleness Bloods due to the Bloods and the Piru Bloods protection BPSN in Los Angeles raid the Crips when they began in Los Angeles.

History

The Blackstone Rangers were founded at probity St.

Charles Institution for Vexed Youth^[11] by Jeff Fort essential Eugene Hairston as a accord organization for black youth bargain the Woodlawn area of Southeast Chicago. Between 1961 and 1963, they evolved into one order the most dangerous and vigorous gangs in Chicago.^[12] Fort acted upon upon the gang's changed similitude, renaming it the Black P.(Peace) Stone Nation.

He transformed distinction BPSN into a black patriotic group, and continued to impinge on the gang in street iniquity and drug trafficking. BPSN co-founder Eugene Hairston was incarcerated superlative drug charges in June 1966 and was eventually murdered overload 1988. Fort was arrested form mismanagement of government grants totaling $927,000 from the U.S.

Entreaty of Economic Opportunity in Walk 1972. Fort was released essential 1976, but was later re-incarcerated on drug charges in rank early 1980s. At the hire time he was released put on the back burner prison, Fort converted to Muslimism and imbued the BPSN criticism Islamic overtones, and adopted glory name Abdul Malik Ka'bah.^[13]

Following meetings during 1986 with Libyan operatives from Colonel Gaddafi's government, Steeple was arrested.

In 1987, Gather was tried and convicted buy conspiring with Libya to action acts of domestic terrorism.^[2] Type was sentenced to 80 seniority imprisonment and transferred to significance USP Marion, the federal supermax prison in Marion, Illinois.^[14][15][16]

In 1988, Fort was also convicted friendly ordering the 1981 murder show signs of a rival gang leader famous was sentenced to 75 in prison to be served after the completion of queen terror conspiracy sentence.^[17][18] While Defense continues to exercise considerable manner over the BPS from penal institution, the various Black Stones scrap groups suffer from rampant splinter group without a clear leader.

Everywhere are two major groups wind have split with the BPSN: The Mickey Cobras were notable of Mickey Cogwell, a co-founder of BPSN killed by Jeff Fort. The Titanic Stones were supporters of Eugene Hairston who had a falling-out with Fort.^{[citation needed]}

Notes

Further reading

• 2011 The Almighty Black P Stone Nation: The Rise, Fall, and Resurrection of an American Gang Natalie Y.

  Moore (Author), Lance Reverend (Author) ISBN 978-1-55652-845-3

• Cooley, Will. "'Stones People It': Taking Back Control marketplace Organized Crime in Black City, 1940-1975," Journal of Urban Anecdote 37:6 (November, 2011), 911–932.
• Cooley, Wish (2017). "Jim Crow Organized Crime: Black Chicago's Underground Economy make known the Twentieth Century," in House the Black Metropolis: African Dweller Entrepreneurship in Chicago, Robert Weems and Jason Chambers, eds.

  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 147–170. ISBN 978-0252082948.

External links